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United States L-class submarine
The United States L-class submarines were a class of 11 submarines built 1914–1917, and were the United States Navy's first attempt at designing and building ocean-going submarines. At the time there was a significant gap in long-range submarine design compared with other major navies. The ''Group 2'' L-boats designed by Lake Torpedo Boat Company (''L-5'' through ''L-8'') were built to slightly different specifications from the other ''Group 1'' L-boats (which were designed by Electric Boat) and are sometimes considered a separate L-5 class.
==Service==
After service in the Atlantic Flotilla by the ''Group 1'' boats, most required extensive refits at Philadelphia after the USA's entry into the First World War, which reflected the US Navy's then-limited experience in submarine ocean operations. In November 1917, the class was sent to Bantry Bay and the Azores for convoy escort and anti-U-boat patrols. While forward deployed, US L-class submarines displayed "AL" pennant numbers to avoid confusion with British L-class submarines. US submarines did not sink any U-boats in World War I. The class was generally under-powered, but they enjoyed good endurance for patrols in the North Atlantic and in British waters. After the war, the L class were involved in trials of new torpedoes and hydrophone equipment on both the east and west coasts before decommissioning in 1922 and 1923. At least ''L-3'', ''L-9'', and ''L-11'' were re-engined with Busch-Sulzer diesels removed from Lake-built N-boats in 1921.〔(NavSource Naval History N-class page )〕 Three Group 1 boats were scrapped in 1922, the four Group 2 Lake boats were scrapped in 1925, and the remainder were scrapped in 1933 under the London Naval Treaty limiting naval armament.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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